Impact of globalization theories in managing cross cultural issues

Impact of globalisation theories in managing chump cultural issuesIntroduction to the look intoGlobalization is a favorite catchword of politicians and journalists. It also became the key idea for business practice and system, and enters the debates of academic. People mean the globalization of cristal confusing and confused. here there is a description of some key concepts round the theory of globalization and also describes the experience of globalization Beck, 2000.Globalization is used in a short way to describe the connectedness and spread of technologies, communication and toil crossways the world. That spread involves the interweaving of cultural and economic activity.Globalization is also used to touch on the efforts of the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and others to create a global free market for services and goods. This political project is potential and significantfor prejudicial the poor nations which means to exploit the large process. Globalizat ion is the sense ofconnectivity in cultural and economic life across the world that was growing for centuries. Many cogitate that the present situation is in a different locate to what has gone before. The speed of the exchange and communication, the size and complexity of the networks involved and the swerve volume of risk, interaction and spate gives the label a force for globalization Carter F, 1996.With the increase in economic interconnection the deep-seated changes of politics and the poor countries has become more certified on the activities in central economies such as the United States of America where the technical and capital expertise tend to be located. There are sacque in the power which is away from the nation and argues towards MNC. It is also witness the rise and brand of the globalization. The large corporations operate in many different countries and they are marketed and positive products that could be sold in Washington. The conglomerate brands like Sony , Nike, Coca Cola and the host of others have become a part of the fabric of wide verse of lives of people.Globalization also involves the diffusion of technologies, practices and ideas. Globalization is something more than the universalization and internationalization. It is simply the westernization or modernization. It is also the market liberalization. The globalization describes the social relation intensification of worldwide which links the outdo places in such a way that the simple occurrences are shaped by the event which occurs with many miles away. This also involves a change that understands the experience localness and geography. The globalization has powerful social, cultural, economic and political dimensions James, 2000. The 4 themes that appear with regularity in the literature areSupraterritoriality and De-localizationThe power and speed of associated growth of risk and technological aimThe rise of MNC andThe extent to which the creation and the move towards the free markets to lead the division and instability.Aims and objectives of the study patriarchal ObjectiveTo understand the concept of globalizationTo study in detail various theories of globalization.To identify the cross cultural issues existing in various multinational corporations in India.To analyze the impact of globalization theories on managing those cross cultural issues.To evaluate the effectiveness of application of globalization theories in resolving cross cultural issues.Secondary ObjectiveTo create awareness about globalization theories in various multinational corporations in India.To emphasis the application of globalization theories in resolving cross cultural issues existing multinational corporationsTo assist the various multinational corporations in managing cross cultural issues.Review of literatureThere are 4 theories of globalization. They areWorld Economy theory,Third way theory,regional Bloc theory andWorld gloss theory.World-Economy TheoryThe description of world economic theory isThe process by which the capitalist world-system is spread across the substantial globe.The Global marketplace is becoming so integrated and advanced so that the nation-state is becoming waste.The good thing about this theory is that the market is more logical than the governments David S, 2000.The bad thing about this theory is that the corporate power is less sympathetic than government.The completion of the process begins late in the 1500s and early 1600s by the explorers of Europe.The World-economy exemplify of single labor force and mobile and single world market.The core countries have strong armed forces. Consume high profits, high skills and capital production of intensive.The perceived countries have weak armed forces, low-skill, extraction of raw materials, labor intensive production and weak Anthony M, 2000.The Semi-perceived countries have more diversified economies, less reliant on the core than peripheral areas and strong military forces th an the perceived countries.Third Way TheoryThe description of the third way theory isThis theory seeks to divulge the relationship between the processes of economy occurring in the local and global scales.This theory is also c eached as view of trans resileationalism because it looks the ways for transforming the power of nation to cope up with the pressures of globalization Thompson P, 1999.This theory does not focus on the global forces which reduces the powers of nation.The challenge existing institutions are used to restructure/reform or encourage big(p) local autonomy.This theory is linked to agenda of politics.This theory also maintains the diversity in the face of forces of economy that encourages the uniformity.regional Bloc TheoryThe description of Regional Bloc theory isThis theory disagrees strongly with the hyper globalist.In this theory only one world market exists.The growth in the internationalism of investment and trade is the growth of regional economic blocs Robe rt J, 1999.The growth of the regional trading blocs has benefited some countries.There is no single institution or government to guide the process.This theory also inquisitions the acceptance of capitalism which is the root problem.The financial efficiency and emphasis competition of capitalism care for the disempowered and oppressed people.World-Culture TheoryThe description of world culture theory isThis theory desire to celebrate and preserve the differences against the cultural homogenization.This theory differs from all other theories because it sees more globalization broadly, to increase the uniformity of culture across the world from the perspective of economics.This theory is also different because the previous theories view the growth of the single world culture which is possible as a moment of globalization, while this theory view this as an important part of globalization.This theory deep roots the traditions of Europeans Richard G, 1998.In this theory the progress of c ontinuation begun from several deoxycytidine monophosphate years ago, with the settlers of Europeans.This theory has established control of politics and also brings new models for central government.In this theory the ideas of individuality and citizenship will spread across traditional boundaries of culture by replacing the traditional priorities of communities in many cultures.How World Culture Theory worksGlocalization The universal processes and ideas involved in the globalization unavoidably are absorbed and interpreted differently according to the history of specific groups and vantage point. The glocalization catches the way in which the heterogenization and homogenization join Robertson, 1992.Relativization Each unit in the emerging world takes the shape similar to the others that surround it. For example as the nation becomes a subject for the universal standards which are derived from the common formation of citizenship, human being in those societies becomes relativize d. Similarly, the Real politics are common in the international system becomes relativized as the principles of humanitarian who invent this concept. The relativization of societies of the inter-state system occurs particularly in the concerns about identity of nations.Interpenetration Particularly the particularism and universalism are becoming a part of single nexus, united in terms of universality of the experience and, the increase in the expectation. In globalization, the universal is made concrete and specifically it becomes endlessly avoided. Hence globalization is a form of institutionalization of the 2 fold process which involves the particularization of universalism and the universalization of particularism. opposition Though the globalization does not create common culture in which everyone holds the same values and beliefs so that it does create single ground in which all factors pursue their goals by comparing with others, by using at least some common standards. The ea rly cases are Great Russia and Peter and Meiji Japan. Emulation takes the form of choosing the ideas of incorporating from the global ground Danny M, 1992.Contestation The ideologies of globe-oriented advocate a tight integrated world while others define the difference. Since the religious movements and traditions are involved prominently in producing the images of world and the religion is a difficult site for these contestations.How World Culture Theory changeThe world culture Theory can be changed byPermanent globalization dynamics The theory of World culture describes the open ended and ongoing process. All the features of the theory of world culture require unrelenting change. The conflict of culture is the common mechanism.Deregionalization Movements The globalization provokes resistance/ reaction. The globalization that produces the world equal cultures and substitutes of fundamentalism has its own vision of global. The fundamentalist defines the global fundamentals and oper ate in terms of global ideas Waters M, 1995.Multiple sources While the theory of world culture emphasizes the role of worldviews and reflexivity in the globalization the principle change can train anywhere. The theory of world culture is agnostic Mary K, 2001.enquiry methodologyThe systematic gathering recording and analyzing of the data about the problems, which formulate the hypothesis and suggested organizing, collecting and evaluating data, stint conclusion and making corrections by testing carefully the conclusions to determine whether they fit to formulate the hypothesisTwo forms of research are undertaken in order for the purpose of satisfying the objectives of the studyPrimary Research Data collected through first-hand sourcesSecondary Research Second-hand data collected through different sourcesPrimary research- Quantitative ResearchQuantitative research method will be followed in order to create a detailed analysis of consumers perception regarding emails and pass mails as marketing medium in India. Quantitative research offers several advantages to the study Brower et al (2000, pg. 366) assert that quantitative researchers pursue- and insist that they generate- value-free, unbiased data. Similarly, McLaughlin et al (2002) shine up the following uses of quantitative approach Research and establish explicit hypotheses Uses accurate measures of concepts Uses tests of statistical significance Uses controls for other explanatory variables Provides a clear theoretical stage settingSecondary ResearchSecondary data is the information what was collected in the past for some other purpose. Usually, researchers start their investigation by studying a rich variety of already accessible data, to see if they can make a breakthrough in the study partly or wholly, without the use of expensive, time-consuming first-hand research. The following forms of secondary data will be used to research purposeBooksJournals and articlesNewspapersMagazinesOnline web portals Annual ReportsGovernment AgenciesIndependent AgenciesGovernment official reportsResearch DesignThis study will be descriptive in nature.Sampling designTarget populationThe target population in this research refers to the glide by multinational corporations that have been prevailing for more than a decade in India. The respondents are employees designated at managerial level.Sample sizeThis study takes into consideration ten different multinational corporations of India.Sampling unitThe sampling units are the following ten multinational corporations and their managers.SamsungReebokHyundai MotorsLGVodafoneFord MotorsAccentureVoltasPanasonicABN Amro BankSampling methodThe sampling technique is taken for the study is Convenience Sampling. Convenience sampling is a non-probability sampling technique where subjects are selected because of their convenient accessibility and proximity to the researcher Joan Joseph Castillo, 2009.In whatsis sampling, the subjects are easy to select for th e study since they are available ready. This technique is highly preferred by many because it is fast, easy and inexpensive.Size of Sample stick toA sample size of 10 respondents (one for each multinational corporation) will be considered for this study.Sampling planThe data will be collected by mailing them the questionnaires to their workplace.Questionnaire DesignThe questionnaire will consist of both open-ended and close-ended questions.Data Analysis and InterpretationThe data collected from primary research will be analyzed and interpreted using statistical tools. It is suitable to the study over other tools, becauseIt provides both essential as well as objective results, of which subjective can be converted into numbers/scoresIt can be used to identify and understand the hidden attributes or constructs which would otherwise (in case of cultivate analysis) have been unapparentIt is inexpensive and easier to implement than other tools.Limitations of the studyThis concentrates on the impact of globalization theories on managing cross cultural issues in multinational corporations and does not involve any other issue.This study focuses exclusively on multinational corporations in India.This study analyzes only the cultural impact created in multinational corporations by globalization theories and does not involve any other impact.This study is applicable for multinational that have been successfully sustaining in the market for more than a decade.